Operating System syllabus

Introduction to operating systems, Types of OS, real time OS, the Linux Operating Systems Process: process abstraction, system calls for process management, process creation: process states, data structures, process execution mechanisms process api, process control and users

Case Study : Windows 11/Linux

Workload assumptions, scheduling metrics, response time, first in, first out (FIFO) shortest job first (SJF), shortest time-to-completion first (STCF), round robin, incorporating I/O, the multi-level feedback queue, the priority boost, attempt, better accounting, multiprocessor scheduling, synchronization, cache affinity, single-queue scheduling multi-queue scheduling, Linux multiprocessor schedulers.

Case Study - Scheduling and Synchronization in xv6

Early systems, multiprogramming and time sharing, the address space, virtualization of memory, memory api: types of memory, the malloc() call, the free() call, segmentation, fine-grained vs. coarsegrained segmentation, free-space management, paging, a memory trace, faster translations (TLBs), TLB basic algorithm, TLB issue: context switches, replacement policy, hybrid approach: paging and segments, beyond physical memory: mechanisms, swap space, the page fault, page fault control flow.

Case Study - Linux/Windows Memory Management

Concurrency, persistence, Shared data, uncontrolled scheduling, the wish for atomicity, thread api : need of threads, thread creation, thread completion Locks: the basic idea, pthread locks, building a lock, evaluating locks, controlling interrupts, failed attempt, just using Semaphores: definition, binary semaphores (locks), semaphores for ordering, the producer/consumer (bounded buffer) problem, reader-writer locks, dining philosophers’ problem, how to implement semaphores, common concurrency problems.

Case Study : Thread programming Using Pthreads, POSIX

System architecture, A Canonical device, The Canonical protocol, CPU virtualization, Lowering CPU Overhead with Interrupts, More efficient data movement With DMA, Methods of device interaction, Fitting into the OS: The device driver,

Case Study: A simple IDE disk driver, Hard disk drives, files and directories, The fast file system, file system implementation, disk failure modes, handling latent sector error, detecting corruption: the checksum, using checksums

Case Study - I/O Management in Linux/Windows operating system